Research and development; expenditure and funding per implementation sector

This table contains figures regarding expenditure on and financing of Research and Development (R&D) activities that are conducted with own or external personnel. Additionally figures are available regarding expenditure on R&D activities that are outsourced abroad.

The figures are provided for the following sectors:
- businesses
- institutions
- institutes of higher education.

Data available from: 2013

Status of the figures:
The data regarding 2013-2019 are definitive, the data regarding 2020 are revised provisional and the data regarding 2021 are provisional.

Changes as of 7 August 2023:
The figures about 2019 have been adjusted and are definitive. The figures about 2020 have been adjusted and are now revised provisional. Additionally, the provisional figures about 2021 have been published.

When will new figures be published?
In the fourth quarter of 2023 provisional figures about 2022 will be published.